consensus什么意思(consensus mechanism什么意思)

3月5日，第十三届全国人大四次会议在北京人民大会堂开幕，李克强代表国务院向大会作政府工作报告。以下是报告双语要点：

3月5日，第十三届全国人民代表大会第四次会议在北京人民大会堂开幕。国务院总理李克强作政府工作报告。（图片来源：新华社）

一、2020年工作回顾

疫情防控取得重大战略成果，在全球主要经济体中唯一实现经济正增长，脱贫攻坚战取得全面胜利，决胜全面建成小康社会取得决定性成就。

We achieved major strategic success in our response to Covid-19 and China was the world’s only major economy to achieve growth. We attained a complete victory in the fight against poverty, and we scored decisive achievements in securing a full victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.

全年发展主要目标任务较好完成，改革开放和社会主义现代化建设取得新的重大进展。

Development goals and tasks for the year were accomplished, and major headway has been made in reform, opening-up, and socialist modernization drive.

围绕市场主体的急需制定和实施宏观政策，稳住了经济基本盘。

We formulated and implemented macro policies to meet the urgent needs of market entities and kept the fundamentals of the economy stable.

全年为市场主体减负超过2.6万亿元，其中减免社保费1.7万亿元

We reduced the burden on market entities by more than 2.6 trillion yuan for the year, including 1.7 trillion yuan in social insurance premium cuts and exemptions.

全年国内生产总值增长2.3％

Gross domestic product (GDP) for the year growing by 2.3 percent

优先稳就业保民生，人民生活得到切实保障。

We gave top priority to stabilizing employment and ensuring living standards and effectively safeguarded people’s wellbeing.

城镇新增就业1186万人，年末全国城镇调查失业率降到5.2％。

A total of 11.86 million urban jobs were added, and the year-end surveyed urban unemployment rate dropped to 5.2 percent.

居民消费价格上涨2.5％

The consumer price index (CPI) posted a 2.5 percent growth

大幅度扩大失业保险保障范围。对因疫情遇困群众及时给予救助，新纳入低保、特困供养近600万人，实施临时救助超过800万人次

We expanded the coverage of unemployment insurance schemes, and extended timely assistance to those who were hit particularly hard by Covid-19. Close to six million additional people received subsistence allowances or extreme poverty aid, and more than eight million temporary assistance grants were disbursed.

坚决打好三大攻坚战，主要目标任务如期完成。

We made decisive progress in the three critical battles against poverty, pollution and potential risk, achieving major targets and tasks as planned.

年初剩余的551万农村贫困人口全部脱贫、52个贫困县全部摘帽。

All remaining poor rural residents, totaling 5.51 million in early 2020, were lifted from poverty, as were all of China’s remaining 52 poor counties.

坚定不移推进改革开放，发展活力和内生动力进一步增强。

We continued to advance reform and opening-up and further boosted the vitality and momentum of development.

大力促进科技创新，产业转型升级步伐加快。

We vigorously promoted innovation in science and technology and accelerated industrial transformation and upgrading.

推进新型城镇化和乡村振兴，城乡区域发展格局不断优化。

We advanced new urbanization and rural revitalization and improved the layout of urban-rural development and development among regions.

加强依法行政和社会建设，社会保持和谐稳定。

We stepped up law-based administration, promoted social advancement, and safeguarded social harmony and stability.

中国特色大国外交卓有成效。坚持多边主义，推动构建人类命运共同体。支持国际抗疫合作，倡导建设人类卫生健康共同体。中国为促进世界和平与发展作出了重要贡献。

We were successful in pursuing China’s major country diplomacy. We upheld multilateralism and endeavored to build a human community with a shared future. We supported global cooperation on combating Covid-19 and called for building a global health community. China thus made important contributions to advancing global peace and development.

二、“十三五”时期发展成就和“十四五”时期主要目标任务

3月5日，第十三届全国人民代表大会第四次会议在北京人民大会堂开幕。（图片来源：新华网）

“十三五”时期我国经济社会发展取得的历史性成就：

经济运行总体平稳，经济结构持续优化，国内生产总值从不到70万亿元增加到超过100万亿元；

The economy performed stably overall, and its structure was continuously improved. GDP increased from less than 70 trillion yuan to over 100 trillion yuan;

创新型国家建设成果丰硕，在载人航天、探月工程、深海工程、超级计算、量子信息等领域取得一批重大科技成果；

Much was accomplished toward making China a country of innovators, with major advances in manned spaceflight, lunar exploration, deep-sea engineering, supercomputing, quantum information, and other areas;

5575万农村贫困人口实现脱贫，区域性整体贫困得到解决；

China’s entire rural poor population, 55.75 million in number, was lifted out of poverty, and regional poverty was successfully eradicated.

1亿农业转移人口和其他常住人口在城镇落户目标顺利实现，城镇棚户区住房改造超过2100万套；

The goal of granting urban residency to 100 million people from rural areas and other permanent residents without local household registration was met. More than 21 million housing units in run-down urban areas were rebuilt.

人民生活水平显著提高，城镇新增就业超过6000万人，建成世界上规模最大的社会保障体系。

The living standards of our people rose significantly. Over 60 million urban jobs were added, and the world’s largest social security system was established.

“十四五”时期经济社会发展主要目标和重大任务：

着力提升发展质量效益，保持经济持续健康发展。城镇调查失业率控制在5.5％以内。

Improve the quality and effectiveness of development and maintain sustained and healthy economic growth. Keep the surveyed urban unemployment rate within 5.5 percent.

坚持创新驱动发展，加快发展现代产业体系。

Pursue innovation-driven development and accelerate modernization of the industrial system.

形成强大国内市场，构建新发展格局。

Create a robust domestic market and foster a new development pattern.

全面推进乡村振兴，完善新型城镇化战略。常住人口城镇化率提高到65％。

Advance rural revitalization across the board and improve the new urbanization strategy. Raise the percentage of permanent urban residents to 65 percent of the population.

优化区域经济布局，促进区域协调发展。

Improve regional economic structures and promote coordinated regional development.

全面深化改革开放，持续增强发展动力和活力。

Advance reform and opening-up across the board and bolster the momentum and vitality of development.

推动绿色发展，促进人与自然和谐共生。森林覆盖率达到24.1％。

Promote green development and ensure harmony between humanity and nature. Expand forest coverage to 24.1 percent of China’s total land area.

持续增进民生福祉，扎实推动共同富裕。劳动年龄人口平均受教育年限提高到11.3年。人均预期寿命再提高1岁。基本养老保险参保率提高到95％。

Improve people’s wellbeing and strive for common prosperity. The average number of years of schooling among the working-age population is expected to rise to 11.3. Raise the average life expectancy by one year. Coverage of basic old-age insurance reaches 95 percent of the population.

统筹发展和安全，建设更高水平的平安中国。

Ensure both development and security and usher in a new stage in building a Peaceful China.

三、2021年重点工作

3月5日，第十三届全国人民代表大会第四次会议在北京人民大会堂开幕。（图片来源：新华网）

今年发展主要预期目标：

国内生产总值增长6％以上；

GDP growth of over 6 percent

城镇新增就业1100万人以上，城镇调查失业率5.5％左右；

over 11 million new urban jobs, a surveyed urban unemployment rate of around 5.5 percent

居民消费价格涨幅3％左右；

CPI increase of around 3 percent

进出口量稳质升，国际收支基本平衡；

steady increases in both the volume and quality of imports and exports, a basic equilibrium in the balance of payments

居民收入稳步增长；

steady growth in personal income

生态环境质量进一步改善，单位国内生产总值能耗降低3％左右，主要污染物排放量继续下降；

a further improvement in the environment, a drop of around 3 percent in energy consumption per unit of GDP, a continued reduction in the discharge of major pollutants

粮食产量保持在1.3万亿斤以上。

grain output of over 650 million metric tons

今年要重点做好以下几方面工作：

（一）保持宏观政策连续性稳定性可持续性，促进经济运行在合理区间。

Ensure the continuity, consistency, and sustainability of macro policies to keep major economic indicators within an appropriate range

今年赤字率拟按3.2％左右安排

We have set the deficit-to-GDP ratio for the year at around 3.2 percent

将小规模纳税人增值税起征点从月销售额10万元提高到15万元

The VAT threshold for small-scale taxpayers will be raised from 100,000 yuan to 150,000 yuan in monthly sales

（二）深入推进重点领域改革，更大激发市场主体活力。

Advance reforms in key areas and further energize market entities

中小企业宽带和专线平均资费再降10％

Average rates for broadband and dedicated internet access services for small and medium enterprises will be lowered by another 10 percent

取消港口建设费，将民航发展基金航空公司征收标准降低20％

The port development fee will be abolished. Airlines’ contributions to the civil aviation development fund will be cut by 20 percent.

（三）依靠创新推动实体经济高质量发展，培育壮大新动能。

Promote high-quality development of the real economy through innovation and foster new growth drivers

落实扩大经费使用自主权政策，完善项目评审和人才评价机制

Research institutes will have more say about how funds should be used, and the mechanisms for assessing projects and evaluating personnel will be refined

以 “十年磨一剑”精神在关键核心领域实现重大突破

Make scientific explorations and major breakthroughs in key technologies, just as a blacksmith in the past would spend years forging the perfect sword.

（四）坚持扩大内需这个战略基点，充分挖掘国内市场潜力。

Expand domestic demand as a strategic move and fully tap the potential of the domestic market

稳定增加汽车、家电等大宗消费，取消对二手车交易不合理限制

We will encourage steady increases in spending on home appliances, automobiles, and other big-ticket items, and abolish excessive restrictions on sales of second-hand vehicles

（五）全面实施乡村振兴战略，促进农业稳定发展和农民增收。

Implement the rural revitalization strategy across the board and promote steady development of agriculture and growth in rural incomes

做好巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接

We will align efforts to consolidate and expand the achievements in poverty alleviation with efforts to promote rural revitalization

（六）实行高水平对外开放，促进外贸外资稳中提质。

Pursue high-standard opening-up and promote stable and improved performance in foreign trade and investment

推动区域全面经济伙伴关系协定尽早生效实施、中欧投资协定签署

We will work for the early entry into force and implementation of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement and the signing of the China-EU Comprehensive Agreement on Investment

（七）加强污染防治和生态建设，持续改善环境质量。

Enhance pollution prevention and control and ecological conservation and promote continuous environmental improvement.

北方地区清洁取暖率达到70％

Clean heating will account for 70 percent of all heating in northern China

扎实做好碳达峰、碳中和各项工作

Take solid steps toward the goals of achieving peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality

（八）切实增进民生福祉，不断提高社会建设水平。

Improve living standards and steadily advance social development.

在教育公平上迈出更大步伐，更好解决进城务工人员子女就学问题，高校招生继续加大对中西部和农村地区倾斜力度

We will make major strides in ensuring equitable education. We will endeavor to provide better schooling for children of rural migrant workers in cities, and continue to have universities and colleges enroll more students from the central and western regions and rural areas.

居民医保和基本公共卫生服务经费人均财政补助标准分别再增加30元和5元

Government subsidies for basic medical insurance for rural and non-working urban residents will increase by an average of 30 yuan per person, and subsides for basic public health services will increase by 5 yuan per person

解决好大城市住房突出问题，规范发展长租房市场，降低租赁住房税费负担

We will address prominent housing issues in large cities. We will ensure well-regulated development of the long-term rental housing market, and cut taxes and fees on rental housing.

新的一年，要坚持和完善民族区域自治制度，全面贯彻党的民族政策、党的宗教工作基本方针和党的侨务政策；

This year, we will continue to apply and improve the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and fully implement the Party’s policies on ethnic affairs, religious affairs and overseas Chinese affairs;

要深入贯彻习近平强军思想，贯彻新时代军事战略方针，坚持党对人民军队的绝对领导，严格落实军委主席负责制，全面加强练兵备战，统筹应对各方向各领域安全风险，提高捍卫国家主权、安全、发展利益的战略能力；

We will thoroughly implement Xi Jinping’s thinking on strengthening the armed forces and the military strategy for the new era, ensure the Party’s absolute leadership over the people’s armed forces, and strictly implement the system of ultimate responsibility resting with the chairman of the Central Military Commission; We will boost military training and preparedness across the board, make overall plans for responding to security risks in all areas and for all situations, and enhance the military’s strategic capacity to protect the sovereignty, security, and development interests of our country;

要继续全面准确贯彻 “一国两制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方针，坚决防范和遏制外部势力干预港澳事务，支持港澳发展经济、改善民生；

We will stay true to the letter and spirit of the principle of One Country, Two Systems, under which the people of Hong Kong administer Hong Kong and the people of Macao administer Macao, both with a high degree of autonomy; We will resolutely guard against and deter external forces’ interference in the affairs of Hong Kong and Macao; We will support both regions as they grow their economies and improve people’s lives;

要坚持对台工作大政方针，坚持一个中国原则和 “九二共识”，推进两岸关系和平发展和祖国统一；

We remain committed to the major principles and policies on work related to Taiwan, to the one-China principle and the 1992 Consensus, and to promoting the peaceful growth of relations across the Taiwan Strait and China’s reunification;

要坚持独立自主的和平外交政策，积极发展全球伙伴关系，推动构建新型国际关系和人类命运共同体。

China will continue to pursue an independent foreign policy of peace; We will actively work to develop global partnerships and promote the building of a new type of international relations and a human community with a shared future.

（中国日报网英语点津）

来源：中国日报网